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FACULTY OF LAW-INTERNATIONAL LAW (ENGLISH)
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KIBRIS AYDIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ
CYPRUS AYDIN UNIVERSITY | | FACULTY OF LAW-INTERNATIONAL LAW (ENGLISH) | | SINIF: 1 - DÖNEM: 1 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | ATA103 | ATATURK'S PRINCIPLES & HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION I
( ATATURK'S PRINCIPLES & HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION I ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Kavramlar, tanımlar, ders yöntemleri ve kaynakların tanımı, Sanayi Devrimi ve Fransız Devrimi, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Dağılışı (XIX. Yüzyıl), Tanzimat ve Islahat Fermanı, I. ve II. Meşrutiyet, Trablusgarp ve Balkan Savaşları, I. Dünya Savaşı, Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması, Wilson İlkeleri, Paris Konferansı, M. Kemal’in Samsun’a Çıkışı ve Anadolu’daki Durum, Amasya Genelgesi, Ulusal Kongreler, Mebusan Meclisinin Açılışı, TBMM’nin Kuruluşu ve İç İsyanlar, Teşkilat-ı Esasi Kanunu, Düzenli Ordunun Kuruluşu, I. İnönü, II. İnönü, Kütahya-Eskişehir, Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi ve Büyük Taarruz, Kurtuluş Savaşı sırasındaki antlaşmalar | Introduction, Fall of the Ottoman Empire, Tanzimat and Islahat Eras, Tripoli and Balkan Wars, World War I, The Armistice of Moudros, the Occupation of Anatolia and the National Reactions, The Birth of the Turkish Revolution, Turkish War of Independence, The Armistice of Mudanya, The Treaty of Lausanne. | | CMP101 | COMPUTER I
( COMPUTER I ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Bilgisayar donanımı, yazılımı, bilgisayarların çalışma prensipleri, bilgisayarlarda bilginin temsili, sistemler ve uygulama yazılımları, ofis araçlarının kullanımı, İnternet ve World Wide Web, Ağlar: haberleşme ve kaynak paylaşımı, kablolu ve kablosuz iletişim, gizlilik, suçlar ve güvenlik, ayrıca bilgisayar kullanımında etik konular. | This course is an introduction to everyday use of computer and information technologies. Computers are part of our life at homes, schools, institutions and businesses are engaged in an ever-growing partnership with computers. Moreover, computers will play an even greater role in our lives in the years to come as a result of developing technology. | | ECO101 | INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS I
( INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 3 | This course provides a foundation in microeconomic theory, focusing on consumer behavior, production and costs, market structures, and welfare analysis. It emphasizes analytical thinking and the use of economic models to explain real-world issues. Topics include demand and supply, elasticity, consumer choice, production theory, cost analysis, and market efficiency. | | | ENG101 | ENGLISH I
( ENGLISH I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | Ders, akademik iletişim için gerekli temel dil yapılarını ve kelime bilgisini kapsamaktadır. Öğrenciler; okuduğunu anlama, paragraf yazma, ana fikirleri ve ayrıntıları dinleyerek anlama ve tartışma ile sunum amaçlı konuşma becerilerini geliştiren etkinliklere katılırlar. Konular arasında akademik kelime bilgisinin geliştirilmesi, akademik bağlamlarda yaygın olarak kullanılan dil bilgisi yapıları, kısa akademik ve yarı akademik metinlerin anlaşılması, not alma stratejileri ve düşüncelerin hem yazılı hem de sözlü olarak ifade edilmesi yer almaktadır. Etkileşimli görevler, tartışmalar ve uygulamalı alıştırmalar, dil becerilerini pekiştirmek ve aktif katılımı teşvik etmek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. | The course covers essential language structures and vocabulary necessary for academic communication. Students engage in activities that develop reading comprehension, paragraph writing, listening for main ideas and details, and speaking for discussion and presentation purposes. Topics include academic vocabulary development, grammar structures commonly used in academic contexts, comprehension of short academic and semi-academic texts, note-taking strategies, and expressing opinions in both written and spoken forms. Interactive tasks, discussions, and practical exercises are used to reinforce language skills and encourage active participation. | | LAW115 | INTRODUCTION TO LEGAL SYSTEM AND COMPARISION OF LEGAL SYSTEMS
( INTRODUCTION TO LEGAL SYSTEM AND COMPARISION OF LEGAL SYSTEMS ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | Ders, hukuk kavramının, toplumdaki işlevlerinin ve hukuk sistemlerinin sınıflandırılmasının genel bir incelemesiyle başlar. Daha sonra kıta Avrupası hukuku (civil law) ve Anglo-Sakson hukuku (common law) başta olmak üzere başlıca hukuk gelenekleri; bunların hukuk kaynakları, mahkeme yapıları ve hukuki muhakeme yöntemleri incelenir. Ayrıca dini hukuk sistemleri ve örf ve adet hukuku da ele alınır. Derste özellikle karşılaştırmalı hukuk metodolojisine ve küreselleşme, Avrupa Birliği hukuku ve uluslararası hukuk bağlamında hukuk sistemlerinin birbirini nasıl etkilediğine özel önem verilir. | The course begins with an overview of the concept of law, its functions in society, and the classification of legal systems. It then examines major legal traditions, including civil law and common law, their sources, court structures, and methods of reasoning. Religious and customary legal systems are also studied. Special attention is given to comparative methodology and how legal systems influence one another in the context of globalization, European Union law and international law. | | LAW117 | LEGAL RESEARCH AND WRITING-I
( LEGAL RESEARCH AND WRITING-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | Bu ders İngilizce olarak yürütülmekte olup, temel iletişim yöntemlerini ve özellikle öğrencilerin İngilizce yazma ve konuşma becerilerini geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda, öğrencilerin yazma tekniklerini etkili bir şekilde geliştirmeleri sağlanmakta ve müvekkillerle iletişim ve yazışma konularında genel bilgiler verilmektedir. | The course, conducted in English, mainly aims to develop basic communication methods and especially students' writing and speaking skills in English. In this context, it is ensured that students develop their writing techniques effectively and general information is given about their communication and correspondence with clients. | | LAW119 | INTRODUCTION TO PRIVATE AND PUBLIC LAW
( INTRODUCTION TO PRIVATE AND PUBLIC LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Bu ders, özel hukukun genel çerçevesini (medeni hukuk, borçlar hukuku, sözleşmeler, eşya hukuku, aile hukuku) ve kamu hukukunun temel alanlarını (anayasa hukuku, idare hukuku, ceza hukuku, uluslararası hukuk) kapsar. Bu alanların temel kaynakları, kurumları ve temel ilkeleri incelenir. Ayrıca farklı hukuk sistemlerinin özel hukuk ile kamu hukuku arasındaki ayrımı ve etkileşimi nasıl ele aldığını göstermek amacıyla karşılaştırmalı bakış açıları da sunulur. | **Introduction to Law:**
- Definition and nature of law.
- Overview of legal systems and traditions.
**Distinction Between Private and Public Law:**
1. **Private Law:**
- Introduction to the concept of private law.
- Rights and obligations of individuals.
- Contracts, torts, and property law.
- Family law and succession.
2. **Public Law:**
- Introduction to the concept of public law.
- Constitutional law.
- Administrative law.
- Criminal law.
- Environmental law.
- International law.
**Legal Research and Analysis:**
- Introduction to legal research methods.
- Analysis of legal sources, including statutes, regulations, and case law.
**Legal Writing Skills:**
- Basics of legal writing and communication.
- Drafting legal documents in both private and public law contexts.
**Ethics in Legal Practice:**
- Overview of ethical considerations in private and public law.
- Professional responsibility and ethical obligations of legal practitioners.
**Contract Law (Private Law):**
- Formation of contracts.
- Terms of a contract.
- Breach of contract and remedies.
**Tort Law (Private Law):**
- Introduction to tort law.
- Negligence, intentional torts, and strict liability.
- Defenses to tort claims.
**Property Law (Private Law):**
- Types of property.
- Transfer of property.
- Landlord-tenant relationships.
**Constitutional Law (Public Law):**
- Structure and principles of constitutions.
- Fundamental rights and liberties.
- Separation of powers.
**Administrative Law (Public Law):**
- Role and powers of administrative agencies.
- Judicial review of administrative decisions.
- Administrative procedures.
**Criminal Law (Public Law):**
- Elements of a crime.
- Defenses to criminal charges.
- Criminal procedures.
**International Law (Public Law):**
- Overview of international legal principles.
- Treaties and international agreements.
- Jurisdiction and state responsibility.
**Environmental Law (Public Law):**
- Overview of environmental regulations.
- Conservation and protection of natural resources.
- Environmental impact assessments.
**Legal Systems and Cultural Context:**
- Consideration of how legal concepts vary across different legal systems and cultures.
**Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of legal cases to apply theoretical knowledge.
- Practical exercises and simulations to solve legal problems.
**Guest Lectures and Seminars:**
- Invited speakers discussing specific legal topics or sharing practical insights.
**Legal Discussions and Debates:**
- Class discussions on contemporary legal issues.
- Debates on legal theories and principles.
This course aims to provide students with a broad understanding of the foundational principles of private and public law, offering them a comprehensive introduction to various legal concepts and frameworks. | | TRK103 | TURKISH LANGUAGE I
( TURKISH LANGUAGE I ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Dilin tanımı, dilın sosyal bir kurum olarak yaşamımızdaki yeri ve önemi, Türk dilinin dünya dilleri arasındaki yeri ve Türk dilinin tarihi evreleri, Türkçede sesler ve sınıflandırılması, Türkçenin ses özellikleri ve ses bilgisi ile ilgili kuralları, Türkçenin yapım ekleri ve uygulaması, kompozisyonla ilgili genel bilgiler, kompozisyon yazmada kullanılacak plan, imlâ ve noktalama işaretleri, bu dersin içeriğini oluşturmaktadır. | Definition and characteristics of language. Relationship between language and thought. Relationship between language and culture. Concepts of mother language, cultural language, international language. Writing a letter of application. Languages of the world. The place of the Turkish Language among world's languages. Historical development of Turkish language. Phonological, morphological, semantic and syntactic structure of Turkish Language. Types of clauses. Spelling rules. Punctuation marks. | | SINIF: 1 - DÖNEM: 2 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | ATA104 | ATATURK'S PRINCIPLES & HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION II
( ATATURK'S PRINCIPLES & HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION II ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Siyasal Alanda Yapılan İnkılâplar, Hukuk Alanında Yapılan İnkılâplar, Eğitim ve Kültür Alanında Yapılan İnkılâplar, İktisâdi Alanda Yapılan İnkılâplar, Sosyal Alanda Yapılan İnkılâplar, Atatürk İlkeleri, Atatürk Dönemi Türk Dış Politikası | This course introduces the features of the Turkish Revolution and similar concepts, the reforms of the Ottoman Empire before the Turkish Revolution, the importance of Ataturk’s reforms, the emergence of Ataturk’s thought system and the revolutionary effect of the new Turkish Republic, and the Turkish war of independence. | | CMP102 | COMPUTER II
( COMPUTER II ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Bu ders, belge oluşturma ve biçimlendirme için stiller, tablolar ve referanslar dahil MS Word; multimedya, geçişler ve animasyonlarla sunum tasarımı için MS PowerPoint; formüller, fonksiyonlar, veri analizi, grafikler ve PivotTablo içeren elektronik tablolar için MS Excel konularını kapsar. Dosya yönetimi, uygulamalar arası entegrasyon ve OneDrive ile işbirliği özellikleri de ele alınmaktadır. | This course covers MS Word for document creation and formatting including styles, tables, and references; MS PowerPoint for presentation design with multimedia, transitions, and animations; and MS Excel for spreadsheets covering formulas, functions, data analysis, charts, and PivotTables. Topics also include file management, integration across applications, and collaborative features using OneDrive. | | ECO102 | INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS II
( INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 3 | The course covers the measurement of national income, aggregate demand and supply, consumption, savings, investment, money and banking, inflation and unemployment, economic growth theories, government policies, and international trade and finance. Students learn to apply macroeconomic models to real-world economic issues and policy debates. | Introduction to Economics II is a introductory course in macroeconomics. The primary objective of this course is to enable students appreciate the “economic way of thinking”. This course explains the forces affecting national economies: variation in money and interest, income, productivity, employment, prices, inflation. Explain tools and models necessary for analysis (AD-AS model). In addition examines monetary and fiscal theories and policies, explain the role governments plays in the national and international economies as a result of monetary and fiscal policies through the exercise of its regulatory power. Also give understanding of the performance and the structure of the economy, through analyzing GDP (GNP), balance of payments, sectoral structure of the economy. | | ENG102 | ENGLISH II
( ENGLISH II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | Bu ders, orta düzey akademik İngilizce becerilerinin geliştirilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Öğrenciler, akademik ve yarı akademik metinleri okuma ve analiz etme, akademik kelime dağarcıklarını geliştirme ve paragraf ile kısa kompozisyon gibi yapılandırılmış yazılı metinler üretme çalışmaları yaparlar. Dinleme etkinlikleri, ders anlatımlarında ve tartışmalarda ana fikirleri, destekleyici ayrıntıları ve temel bilgileri anlamaya yöneliktir. Konuşma etkinlikleri ise görüş bildirme, tartışmalara katılma ve kısa sunumlar yapma becerilerini kapsamaktadır. Akademik iletişim için gerekli olan dil bilgisi ve kelime bilgisi, bütünleşik dil çalışmaları ve etkileşimli sınıf etkinlikleri yoluyla pekiştirilmektedir. | This course focuses on the development of intermediate-level academic English skills. Students practice reading and analyzing academic and semi-academic texts, expanding their academic vocabulary, and producing structured written texts such as paragraphs and short essays. Listening activities focus on understanding main ideas, supporting details, and key information in lectures and discussions. Speaking activities include expressing opinions, participating in discussions, and delivering short presentations. Grammar and vocabulary relevant to academic communication are reinforced through integrated language practice and interactive classroom activities. | | LAW118 | LEGAL RESEARCH AND WRITING-II
( LEGAL RESEARCH AND WRITING-II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Bu ders, öğrencilerin hukuki muhakeme konusundaki anlayışını derinleştirir, onları ikna edici hukuki yazım teknikleriyle tanıştırır ve yapılandırılmış argümantasyon konusunda eğitir. Öğrenciler karmaşık hukuki sorunlar üzerine araştırma yapar, temyiz dilekçeleri hazırlar ve sözlü savunmalar gerçekleştirir. Ders kapsamında açıklık, tutarlılık, profesyonel yazım tarzı ve savunma becerilerine özel önem verilir. | the Methods of International Law
positivism
Policy Oriented Jurisprudence
Realism
Liberalism
Social Constructivism
Marxism
Feminism | | LAW124 | CHILD PARENT STATE
( CHILD PARENT STATE ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2 | The course explores the evolution of children’s rights, parental responsibilities, and the role of the state in family law. Topics include custody, guardianship, adoption, education, medical decisions, juvenile justice, child protection systems, and international frameworks such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. Comparative perspectives are used to understand how different legal systems balance these interests. | This course examines the complex relationship between children, parents, and the state within the framework of legal, social, and political structures. It focuses on the legal status of children, parental rights and responsibilities, and the role of the state in protecting children's welfare.
The course begins with an introduction to the concept of childhood and the evolution of children's rights in international law. It then explores the historical development of family law and the changing roles of parents and the state in child-rearing and protection.
Students will study major international legal instruments such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and analyze how these frameworks influence national legislation and policies. The course also examines issues such as child protection, parental authority, adoption, foster care, education rights, and state intervention in cases of neglect or abuse.
Additionally, the course addresses contemporary challenges including reproductive technologies, surrogacy, child custody disputes, and the rights of children in diverse family structures. Through case studies and legal analysis, students will evaluate how different legal systems balance children's rights, parental autonomy, and state responsibilities. | | TRK104 | TURKISH LANGUAGE II
( TURKISH LANGUAGE II ) | Z | 2 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2 | Clause types, narrative errors, proverb and idioms, syntactic errors, subordinative errors, paragraph, narrative types, oral narratives, punctuation marks, spelling rules. | | | LAW128 | GLOBAL POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
( GLOBAL POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course introduces the field of global political sociology, emphasizing the ways in which power, identity, and inequality shape global governance, security, and social movements. It explores themes such as nationalism, migration, global inequality, human rights, transnational networks, and the impact of globalization on political authority. Students are encouraged to critically analyze how global politics is influenced by social structures and cultural dynamics. | | | SINIF: 2 - DÖNEM: 1 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW213 | INTERNATIONAL LAW I
( INTERNATIONAL LAW I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | | 1. Nature and Scope of International Law 2. Sources of International Law 3. Comparison of the international Law with National Legal Systems 4. Obedience to International Law 5. Theories of International Law 6. Role of International Organizations 7. State Recognition 8. Universal Human Rights 9. European Human Rights 10. Treatment of Alliances | | LAW215 | CRIMINAL LAW-I
( CRIMINAL LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course covers the concept and functions of criminal law, principles of legality, theories of punishment, the concept of crime and its elements, the structure of criminal liability, unlawfulness and justification grounds, attempt, participation, concurrence of offenses, and the notion of culpability (mens rea). Comparative perspectives between civil law and common law traditions are also introduced. | 1. **Introduction to Criminal Law:**
- Definition and nature of criminal law.
- Distinction between civil and criminal law.
2. **Sources of Criminal Law:**
- Examination of statutory law, common law, and constitutional provisions that form the basis of criminal law.
3. **Elements of a Crime:**
- Analysis of the components of a crime, including actus reus and mens rea.
- Exploration of causation and concurrence.
4. **Classification of Crimes:**
- Categorization of crimes into different types (e.g., felonies, misdemeanors).
- Overview of violent crimes, property crimes, white-collar crimes, etc.
5. **Criminal Defenses:**
- Examination of legal defenses, including justification, excuse, and procedural defenses.
- Discussion of self-defense, insanity, duress, and entrapment.
6. **Parties to a Crime:**
- Analysis of principles related to accomplice liability and liability of parties involved in a criminal offense.
7. **Inchoate Offenses:**
- Study of inchoate offenses, such as attempt, conspiracy, and solicitation.
8. **Homicide:**
- Examination of the various forms of homicide, including murder and manslaughter.
- Degrees of murder and manslaughter.
9. **Assault and Battery:**
- Definition and differentiation between assault and battery.
- Aggravated assault and battery.
10. **Sex Crimes:**
- Overview of sexual offenses, including rape, sexual assault, and other related crimes.
- Consent and issues of sexual consent.
11. **Property Crimes:**
- Exploration of crimes against property, such as theft, burglary, and robbery.
12. **White-Collar Crimes:**
- Analysis of white-collar crimes, including fraud, embezzlement, and insider trading.
13. **Cybercrimes:**
- Examination of criminal offenses related to computer systems and the internet.
14. **Drug Offenses:**
- Overview of drug-related crimes, including possession, trafficking, and manufacturing.
- The impact of drug laws on criminal justice.
15. **Criminal Procedure:**
- Introduction to criminal procedure rules, including searches and seizures, arrests, and the right to counsel.
16. **Miranda Rights:**
- Analysis of the Miranda warning and its significance in criminal investigations.
17. **Criminal Sentencing:**
- Examination of sentencing principles, including factors influencing the determination of sentences.
18. **Juvenile Justice System:**
- Overview of the juvenile justice system and the treatment of juvenile offenders.
19. **Criminal Law and Constitutional Rights:**
- Exploration of constitutional protections for individuals accused of crimes.
- The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments.
20. **Comparative and International Criminal Law:**
- Consideration of criminal law principles in different legal systems and international contexts.
21. **Emerging Issues in Criminal Law:**
- Discussion of contemporary issues in criminal law, such as technology, mental health, and changes in criminal statutes.
22. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to criminal law.
23. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world criminal cases and practical scenarios to apply legal principles.
24. **Ethical Considerations in Criminal Law:**
- Discussion of ethical issues related to criminal law practice, including the prosecutor's role and defense attorney ethics.
25. **Continuing Legal Education (CLE):**
- Opportunities for Continuing Legal Education (CLE) to stay updated on changes in criminal law, case law, and legal trends. | | LAW217 | CONTRACTS LAW-I
( CONTRACTS LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | Bu ders, sözleşme kavramını hukuken bağlayıcı anlaşmalar olarak tanıtır. Sözleşmenin kurulması için gerekli unsurlar olan öneri (icap), kabul, karşılık (consideration), hukuki bağ kurma niyeti ve tarafların ehliyeti incelenir. Ders kapsamında ayrıca irade sakatlıkları, hukuka aykırılık, kesin hükümsüz ve iptal edilebilir sözleşmeler ile şekil şartının rolü ele alınır. Bunun yanında common law ve civil law hukuk gelenekleri arasındaki karşılaştırmalı bakış açılarına da yer verilir. | 1. **Introduction to Contract Law:**
- Definition and nature of contracts.
- Overview of the role of contracts in legal systems.
2. **Elements of a Contract:**
- Offer and acceptance.
- Consideration.
- Intention to create legal relations.
- Legality of purpose.
- Capacity of the parties.
3. **Formation of Contracts:**
- Communication of offers and acceptances.
- Revocation of offers.
- Counteroffers.
- Termination of offers.
4. **Interpretation of Contracts:**
- Rules for interpreting contract terms.
- The role of express and implied terms.
- Ambiguities and contra proferentem rule.
5. **Vitiating Factors and Defenses:**
- Misrepresentation.
- Mistake.
- Duress and undue influence.
- Illegality.
- Unconscionability.
6. **Performance and Discharge of Contracts:**
- Conditions and warranties.
- Time and performance.
- Discharge by agreement, frustration, or breach.
7. **Remedies for Breach of Contract:**
- Damages (compensatory, consequential, and nominal).
- Specific performance.
- Injunctions.
- Quantum meruit.
8. **Third-Party Rights:**
- Privity of contract.
- Exceptions allowing third parties to enforce contract terms.
- Assignments and novations.
9. **Contracts for the Sale of Goods:**
- Application of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC).
- Implied warranties.
- Performance obligations in the sale of goods.
10. **Unconscionability and Fairness:**
- Doctrine of unconscionability.
- Unfair contract terms and consumer protection.
11. **Electronic Contracts:**
- Formation and enforceability of contracts formed electronically.
- E-signatures and online transactions.
12. **Contractual Dispute Resolution:**
- Negotiation and mediation.
- Arbitration and alternative dispute resolution.
- Litigation and court proceedings.
13. **Special Types of Contracts:**
- Employment contracts.
- Construction contracts.
- Service contracts.
- Land contracts.
14. **Contract Drafting and Interpretation:**
- Drafting clear and enforceable contract terms.
- Precision in language and clauses.
15. **Legal Ethics in Contracts Law:**
- Ethical considerations in contractual negotiations and drafting.
- Professional responsibility in contract-related matters.
16. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world contract law cases.
- Practical exercises and scenarios for applying contract law principles.
17. **Current Developments and Emerging Issues:**
- Discussion of recent legal developments in contract law.
- Exploration of emerging issues in contractual relationships.
18. **International and Comparative Contract Law:**
- Overview of contract law in international transactions.
- Comparative analysis of contract law principles across jurisdictions.
19. **Business Transactions and Contract Law:**
- Application of contract law to business transactions.
- Consideration of commercial and corporate contexts.
20. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for legal practitioners involved in contract-related work. | | LAW219 | PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW-I
( PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Bu ders, uluslararası hukukun doğasını ve gelişimini, kaynaklarını ve konularını inceler. Konular arasında devletlerin ve hükümetlerin tanınması, devlet egemenliği ve yargı yetkisi, devlet sorumluluğu ve dokunulmazlıklar yer almaktadır. Ders ayrıca antlaşmaları, örf ve adet hukukunu ve Birleşmiş Milletler gibi uluslararası kuruluşların rolünü de ele almaktadır. Uluslararası hukuk ile ulusal hukuk sistemleri arasındaki ilişkiye özel önem verilmektedir. | 1. **Introduction to Public International Law:**
- Definition, nature, and scope of public international law.
- Distinction between public and private international law.
2. **Sources of International Law:**
- Treaty law: formation, interpretation, and termination of treaties.
- Customary international law: identification and formation of customary norms.
3. **International Legal Personality:**
- Sovereign states and their rights and obligations in international law.
- Legal personality of international organizations and other entities.
4. **Recognition and Statehood:**
- Criteria for statehood.
- The role of recognition in international relations.
5. **State Responsibility:**
- Principles of state responsibility for internationally wrongful acts.
- Consequences and remedies for breaches of international law.
6. **Jurisdiction and Immunity:**
- Jurisdiction of states in international law.
- State immunity from foreign jurisdiction.
7. **Use of Force:**
- Principles governing the use of force in international relations.
- The prohibition of aggression and self-defense.
8. **Peaceful Settlement of Disputes:**
- Mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of international disputes.
- The role of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and arbitration.
9. **Human Rights Law:**
- Foundations of international human rights law.
- Protection of civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.
10. **International Humanitarian Law:**
- Legal principles governing armed conflicts.
- Protection of civilians, prisoners of war, and non-combatants.
11. **International Environmental Law:**
- Legal frameworks addressing global environmental challenges.
- Sustainable development and environmental protection.
12. **Law of the Sea:**
- Legal principles governing maritime boundaries.
- Navigation rights and exploitation of marine resources.
13. **International Economic Law:**
- Legal aspects of international trade.
- Investment law and the regulation of economic relations.
14. **International Organizations:**
- Legal status and functions of international organizations.
- The role of the United Nations (UN) and specialized agencies.
15. **Diplomatic and Consular Law:**
- Legal principles governing diplomatic and consular relations.
- Immunities and privileges of diplomatic agents.
16. **State Succession:**
- Legal principles related to state succession.
- Continuity of treaties and state obligations.
17. **International Criminal Law:**
- Principles of individual criminal responsibility in international law.
- The jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC).
18. **Customary Law and Soft Law:**
- Formation and identification of customary international law.
- Soft law instruments and their role in international relations.
19. **Contemporary Issues in International Law:**
- Emerging challenges and issues in international law.
- Cybersecurity, climate change, and other contemporary concerns.
20. **Critical Analysis and Case Studies:**
- Application of legal principles to analyze real-world case studies.
- Critical examination of key international law cases.
21. **Interdisciplinary Perspectives:**
- Consideration of political, economic, and cultural factors influencing international law.
- Interdisciplinary approaches to global legal issues.
22. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical research and writing skills specific to international law.
23. **Ethical Considerations:**
- Exploration of ethical considerations in the practice and application of international law. | | LAW221 | CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I
( CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | This course covers the general theory of constitutions, constitutionalism, and the rule of law. It explores the principles of sovereignty, democracy, and separation of powers, as well as different forms of government (parliamentary, presidential, semi-presidential). Comparative constitutional models are introduced, and the course also addresses the historical evolution of constitutional systems. | 1. **Introduction to Constitutional Law:**
- Definition, nature, and scope of constitutional law.
- Distinction between constitutional law and other branches of law.
2. **Sources of Constitutional Law:**
- The constitution as the supreme law of the land.
- Legal principles derived from constitutional texts, statutes, and legal precedents.
3. **Constitutional Framework:**
- Separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
- System of checks and balances.
4. **Judicial Review:**
- The power of courts to review and interpret the constitutionality of laws and government actions.
- Landmark cases establishing the principle of judicial review.
5. **Constitutional Interpretation:**
- Methods of constitutional interpretation, including originalism, textualism, and living constitutionalism.
- The role of precedent in constitutional law.
6. **Protection of Individual Rights:**
- Bill of Rights and fundamental constitutional rights.
- Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and the right to privacy.
7. **Equal Protection and Due Process:**
- Equal protection under the law.
- Procedural and substantive due process rights.
8. **Freedom of the Press:**
- First Amendment protections for the freedom of the press.
- Legal principles surrounding media rights and restrictions.
9. **Separation of Church and State:**
- Establishment and free exercise clauses of the First Amendment.
- Legal principles governing the relationship between religion and government.
10. **Search and Seizure:**
- Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures.
- Warrant requirements and exceptions.
11. **Criminal Procedure:**
- Constitutional principles in criminal investigations and trials.
- The right to counsel, Miranda rights, and the exclusionary rule.
12. **Substantive Due Process:**
- Legal principles governing the protection of fundamental rights.
- Constitutional limitations on government action.
13. **Economic Liberties:**
- Constitutional protection of economic liberties.
- The Contract Clause and regulatory takings.
14. **Property Rights:**
- Constitutional protections for property rights.
- Eminent domain and regulatory takings.
15. **Equal Protection and Discrimination:**
- Equal protection principles in the context of race, gender, and other classifications.
- Affirmative action and equal protection challenges.
16. **Privacy Rights:**
- Constitutional right to privacy.
- Privacy issues related to reproductive rights, contraception, and marriage.
17. **Constitutional Amendments:**
- Study of specific constitutional amendments, such as the First Amendment, Second Amendment, and others.
- Historical context and interpretation.
18. **Federalism:**
- Principles of federalism and the distribution of powers between the federal government and states.
- The supremacy clause.
19. **Commerce Clause:**
- Constitutional principles related to the commerce clause and its impact on federal regulatory powers.
20. **State Action:**
- The concept of state action in constitutional law.
- Application of constitutional rights to private actors.
21. **Constitutional Challenges and Crisis Management:**
- Constitutional responses to emergencies, national security issues, and crises.
- Balancing civil liberties with public safety.
22. **Constitutional Law and Social Justice:**
- Examining constitutional issues related to social justice, including race, gender, and LGBTQ+ rights.
- Landmark cases shaping social justice jurisprudence.
23. **Contemporary Issues in Constitutional Law:**
- Exploring current constitutional issues, such as technology and privacy, voting rights, and evolving social norms.
24. **Interdisciplinary Perspectives:**
- Considering political, economic, and social factors influencing constitutional issues.
- Interdisciplinary approaches to constitutional law.
25. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world constitutional law cases and practical scenarios.
- Application of legal principles to concrete situations.
26. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to constitutional law.
27. **Ethical Considerations in Constitutional Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing constitutional law. | | LAW223 | BUSINESS LAW
( BUSINESS LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course introduces the basic concepts of business and commercial law. Topics include the legal framework of commerce, types of business organizations, commercial contracts, agency, partnership, corporations, negotiable instruments (bills of exchange, checks, promissory notes), bankruptcy and insolvency, and the role of regulatory authorities. Comparative insights are provided into common law and civil law approaches to business law. | 1. **Introduction to Business Law:**
- Definition, nature, and scope of business law.
- Overview of legal principles governing business transactions.
2. **Sources of Business Law:**
- Identification of legal sources, including statutes, regulations, case law, and common law principles.
3. **Contract Law:**
- Formation, interpretation, and enforcement of contracts.
- Contractual remedies and breach of contract.
4. **Sales and Commercial Paper:**
- Legal principles governing the sale of goods.
- Introduction to negotiable instruments and commercial paper.
5. **Agency and Employment Law:**
- Principles of agency law and the relationship between principals and agents.
- Employment contracts, rights, and obligations.
6. **Business Organizations:**
- Legal structures of business entities (sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, LLCs).
- Formation, management, and dissolution of business entities.
7. **Corporate Law:**
- Corporate governance and the rights and duties of directors and officers.
- Shareholder rights and corporate liability.
8. **Securities Law:**
- Regulation of securities markets and transactions.
- Securities offerings and compliance.
9. **Banking and Finance Law:**
- Legal aspects of banking transactions.
- Regulation of financial institutions.
10. **Consumer Protection:**
- Laws protecting consumers in business transactions.
- Unfair and deceptive trade practices.
11. **Antitrust and Competition Law:**
- Legal principles governing competition and antitrust violations.
- Monopolies and anticompetitive practices.
12. **Intellectual Property Law:**
- Overview of intellectual property rights (patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets).
- Protection of intellectual property in business.
13. **International Business Law:**
- Legal aspects of international business transactions.
- Cross-border contracts, dispute resolution, and international trade law.
14. **Torts in Business:**
- Business-related torts, including negligence and fraud.
- Liability for business-related injuries.
15. **Real Estate Law:**
- Legal aspects of real estate transactions.
- Contracts, deeds, mortgages, and landlord-tenant relationships.
16. **Bankruptcy and Insolvency:**
- Legal principles governing bankruptcy and insolvency.
- Rights and obligations of creditors and debtors.
17. **Ethics in Business Law:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations in business transactions and legal practice.
- Corporate social responsibility.
18. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to business law.
19. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world business law cases and practical scenarios.
- Application of legal principles to concrete business situations.
20. **Risk Management:**
- Legal considerations in risk management for businesses.
- Liability prevention and mitigation strategies.
21. **Employment and Labor Law:**
- Legal principles governing the employer-employee relationship.
- Employment contracts, discrimination, and workplace regulations.
22. **Environmental Law and Business:**
- Legal aspects of environmental regulations affecting businesses.
- Compliance with environmental laws.
23. **Emerging Issues in Business Law:**
- Exploration of current and emerging legal issues in the business environment.
- Technology, privacy, and other contemporary concerns. | | LAW225 | CRIMINOLOGY
( CRIMINOLOGY ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3 | This course introduces the study of crime and criminal behavior. It examines classical and modern criminological theories, the role of social structures in shaping criminality, and the relationship between crime, law, and society. Topics include types of crime, victimology, juvenile delinquency, organized crime, white-collar crime, and methods of crime prevention and criminal justice responses. Comparative and international perspectives are also included. | 1. **Introduction to Criminology:**
- Definition of criminology, its scope, and its role in the study of crime and criminal behavior.
2. **Historical Development of Criminology:**
- Overview of the historical development of criminology as a field of study, including key theorists and milestones.
3. **Criminological Theories:**
- Exploration of major criminological theories, including:
- Classical theories (e.g., Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham).
- Biological theories.
- Psychological theories.
- Sociological theories (e.g., strain theory, social learning theory).
- Critical theories.
4. **Criminal Justice System:**
- Overview of the components of the criminal justice system, including law enforcement, courts, and corrections.
5. **Legal Foundations:**
- Examination of legal principles and foundations related to criminal law, constitutional rights, and due process.
6. **Crime Types and Patterns:**
- Analysis of different types of crime (e.g., property crime, violent crime) and patterns of criminal behavior.
7. **Victimology:**
- Study of victimology, including the role of victims in the criminal justice system and the impact of crime on individuals and communities.
8. **Policing and Law Enforcement:**
- Examination of law enforcement agencies, their functions, and challenges in maintaining public safety.
9. **Criminal Profiling and Forensic Science:**
- Introduction to criminal profiling and forensic science, including their roles in criminal investigations.
10. **Criminal Justice Policies:**
- Analysis of criminal justice policies, including sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation programs.
11. **Juvenile Delinquency:**
- Study of juvenile delinquency, including causes, prevention, and interventions.
12. **Corrections and Rehabilitation:**
- Overview of correctional systems, including prisons, probation, and parole, and discussions on rehabilitation programs.
13. **Research Methods in Criminology:**
- Introduction to research methods used in criminology, including quantitative and qualitative approaches.
14. **Comparative Criminology:**
- Comparative analysis of crime rates, criminal justice systems, and policies across different jurisdictions.
15. **Critical Issues in Criminology:**
- Exploration of critical issues, such as racial and gender disparities in the criminal justice system, social justice, and human rights.
16. **Ethics in Criminology:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations in criminological research and practice.
17. **Crime Prevention Strategies:**
- Examination of crime prevention strategies, including community-based approaches and situational crime prevention.
18. **Current Trends and Emerging Issues:**
- Exploration of current trends and emerging issues in criminology, such as cybercrime, terrorism, and transnational crime.
19. **Intersectionality in Criminology:**
- Exploration of how intersecting social identities (e.g., race, gender, class) impact crime and the criminal justice system.
20. **Application of Criminological Knowledge:**
- Application of criminological theories and concepts to real-world scenarios, case studies, and practical problem-solving. | | LAW229 | BUSINESS LAW
( BUSINESS LAW ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course provides an overview of business law and its role in regulating commercial activities. It covers the formation and enforcement of contracts, the legal structure of business organizations (partnerships, corporations, and limited liability companies), agency law, commercial transactions, and negotiable instruments. The course also addresses business ethics, dispute resolution, and comparative perspectives in international business law. | | | LAW231 | CRIMINOLOGY
( CRIMINOLOGY ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course introduces the study of crime and criminal behavior. It examines classical and modern criminological theories, the role of social structures in shaping criminality, and the relationship between crime, law, and society. Topics include types of crime, victimology, juvenile delinquency, organized crime, white-collar crime, and methods of crime prevention and criminal justice responses. Comparative and international perspectives are also included. | | | SINIF: 2 - DÖNEM: 2 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW216 | CRIMINAL LAW-II
( CRIMINAL LAW-II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course continues the study of general principles of criminal law, beginning with culpability (mens rea) and the conditions for criminal responsibility. It explores attempt, participation, and concurrence of crimes, as well as the system of sanctions, security measures, sentencing, and extinction of punishments. National and comparative approaches (civil law vs. common law) and relevant case law are discussed. | Please look at the descriptions for the "CRIMINAL LAW-I" course. | | LAW220 | PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW-II
( PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW-II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the prohibition on the use of force, collective security under the United Nations Charter, and self-defense. It examines mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes, including arbitration and adjudication before the International Court of Justice. Students also study international responsibility of states and individuals, international criminal law, and the protection of human rights. Special attention is given to the law of the sea, international air and space law, and contemporary issues such as environmental protection and cyber operations. | Please look at the descriptions for the "PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW--I" course. | | LAW222 | CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-II
( CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | This course builds upon Constitutional Law I by focusing on fundamental rights and freedoms, their scope, limits, and protection. It examines equality, freedom of expression, freedom of religion, right to privacy, political rights, and social and economic rights. The course also analyzes the system of constitutional adjudication, judicial review, constitutional complaints, and the role of constitutional courts. Comparative perspectives and international human rights instruments (ECHR, ICCPR) are also discussed. | Please look at the descriptions for the "CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-I" course. | | LAW228 | FAMILY LAW
( FAMILY LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the principles and institutions of family law, covering the establishment and dissolution of marriage, property regimes, rights and duties of spouses, child custody and guardianship, adoption, maintenance, and family law’s interaction with human rights norms. Comparative perspectives are included by analyzing family law in civil law and common law systems, as well as the impact of international instruments such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. | This course examines the principles and institutions of family law, covering the establishment and dissolution of marriage, property regimes, rights and duties of spouses, child custody and guardianship, adoption, maintenance, and family law’s interaction with human rights norms. Comparative perspectives are included by analyzing family law in civil law and common law systems, as well as the impact of international instruments such as the European Convention on Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. | | LAW234 | COMPETITION LAW
( COMPETITION LAW ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the objectives and foundations of competition law. It analyzes restrictive agreements and cartels, abuse of market dominance, merger and acquisition control, and state aid rules. Comparative perspectives are provided with a focus on EU competition law, US antitrust law, and international enforcement cooperation. The course also addresses contemporary issues such as digital markets, platform regulation, and globalization of competition law. | | | LAW236 | LEGAL HISTORY
( LEGAL HISTORY ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the origins and evolution of law across different civilizations, including Mesopotamian, Roman, Byzantine, Islamic, and European medieval legal systems. It explores the influence of Roman law on civil law traditions, the development of common law in England, codification movements, and the rise of modern constitutional and human rights law. Comparative perspectives highlight how history has shaped contemporary legal systems. | | | SINIF: 3 - DÖNEM: 1 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW301 | PROPERTY LAW-I
( PROPERTY LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course examines the legal nature of property, classifications of property (movables, immovables), and the principles of ownership. Topics include acquisition and protection of ownership, possession (concept, protection, loss), and limited real rights such as usufruct, servitudes, and pledges. The course also discusses comparative approaches to property law in civil law and common law systems. | 1. **Introduction to Property Law:**
- Definition, nature, and scope of property law.
- Overview of legal concepts related to ownership, possession, and use of property.
2. **Personal Property:**
- Legal principles governing personal property, including tangible and intangible assets.
- Transfer and acquisition of personal property.
3. **Real Property:**
- Legal concepts related to real property (land and improvements).
- Types of ownership interests in real property.
4. **Estates and Future Interests:**
- Different types of estates in land (e.g., fee simple, life estate).
- Future interests and their implications.
5. **Land Use Regulations:**
- Zoning laws and regulations.
- Environmental restrictions and land use planning.
6. **Conveyancing and Real Estate Transactions:**
- Legal processes involved in transferring real property.
- Contracts, deeds, and closing procedures in real estate transactions.
7. **Landlord-Tenant Law:**
- Legal rights and responsibilities of landlords and tenants.
- Lease agreements, eviction procedures, and tenant protections.
8. **Easements and Servitudes:**
- Legal concepts of easements and servitudes.
- Creation, termination, and enforcement of these property rights.
9. **Covenants and Restrictions:**
- Property covenants, conditions, and restrictions (CC&R) in planned communities.
- Impact on property use and development.
10. **Adverse Possession and Prescriptive Easements:**
- Legal principles governing adverse possession.
- Acquisition of property rights through prescriptive easements.
11. **Intellectual Property:**
- Basic concepts of intellectual property law.
- Patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets.
12. **Equitable Interests and Remedies:**
- Equitable interests in property.
- Remedies available for breach or violation of property rights.
13. **Community Property and Marital Rights:**
- Legal concepts related to community property in marital relationships.
- Spousal rights in property acquired during marriage.
14. **Historical Development of Property Law:**
- Overview of the historical development of property law.
- Key legal doctrines and landmark cases.
15. **Property Rights and Constitutional Law:**
- Examination of property rights within the context of constitutional law.
- Takings Clause and due process considerations.
16. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to property law cases and issues.
17. **Ethical Considerations in Property Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing property law.
18. **Commercial Real Estate Transactions:**
- Legal aspects of commercial real estate transactions.
- Leases, financing, and development agreements.
19. **Interdisciplinary Perspectives:**
- Encouragement of an interdisciplinary approach, allowing students to consider economic, social, and environmental factors influencing property law.
20. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical skills for legal practice in property law.
- Representation of clients in property-related transactions and disputes. | | LAW303 | EQUITY AND TRUSTS LAW-I
( EQUITY AND TRUSTS LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course explores the origins and evolution of equity as a body of law developed to mitigate the rigidity of the common law. Students will study the maxims of equity, fiduciary duties, and the concept, creation, and classification of trusts. Key focus is placed on express trusts, charitable trusts, and the formal requirements for their validity. Comparative insights between common law and civil law approaches to equity are also considered. | 1. **Introduction to Equity:**
- Historical development and nature of equity.
- Distinctions between equity and common law.
2. **Equitable Maxims and Principles:**
- Examination of key equitable maxims and principles that guide the application of equity in legal contexts.
3. **Equitable Remedies:**
- Injunctions, specific performance, and other equitable remedies.
- Remedies available for breach of fiduciary duty.
4. **Trust Law Fundamentals:**
- Definition and characteristics of a trust.
- Creation, administration, and termination of trusts.
5. **Express Trusts:**
- Creation and elements of express trusts.
- Roles and duties of trustees.
6. **Resulting and Constructive Trusts:**
- Understanding resulting trusts arising from contributions and constructive trusts arising from unjust enrichment.
7. **Charitable Trusts:**
- Legal principles governing charitable trusts.
- Requirements for charitable purposes.
8. **Equitable Interests and Property Rights:**
- Recognition of equitable interests in property.
- Priority of equitable rights.
9. **Fiduciary Relationships:**
- Definition and characteristics of fiduciary relationships.
- Duties and responsibilities of fiduciaries.
10. **Breach of Trust and Remedies:**
- Consequences of a breach of trust.
- Remedies available to beneficiaries.
11. **Equity and Estoppel:**
- Principles of estoppel in equity.
- Equitable estoppel and its applications.
12. **Equity in Family Law:**
- Application of equity in family law, including the division of property in matrimonial disputes.
13. **Equity and Commercial Transactions:**
- Application of equitable principles in commercial transactions.
- Enforcement of restrictive covenants and equitable estoppel in business dealings.
14. **Equity in Property Transactions:**
- Application of equity in property transactions.
- The doctrine of notice and equitable interests.
15. **Equity and Unjust Enrichment:**
- Relationship between equity and the law of unjust enrichment.
- Restitutionary remedies.
16. **Equity and Legal Remedies Comparison:**
- Comparison and contrast of equitable remedies with legal remedies.
- Situations where equitable remedies may be preferred.
17. **Equity in Modern Legal Systems:**
- Contemporary relevance and application of equity in modern legal systems.
18. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to equity and trust law.
- Analysis of case law and legal literature.
19. **Ethical Considerations in Equity and Trust Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing in the areas of equity and trust law.
20. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical skills for legal practice in equity and trust law.
- Representation of clients in trust matters and related disputes. | | LAW305 | COMMERCIAL LAW-I
( COMMERCIAL LAW-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | | 1. **Introduction to Commercial Law:**
- Overview of the legal framework governing commercial transactions and business activities.
2. **Principles of Contract Law:**
- Formation, interpretation, and enforcement of contracts.
- Contractual terms, conditions, and remedies for breach of contract.
3. **Sales of Goods and Consumer Protection:**
- Legal aspects of sales transactions.
- Consumer protection laws and regulations.
4. **Agency and Business Organizations:**
- Legal relationships between principals and agents.
- Formation and governance of business entities, including partnerships, corporations, and limited liability companies.
5. **Negotiable Instruments and Payment Systems:**
- Legal principles governing negotiable instruments (e.g., checks, promissory notes).
- Payment systems and electronic funds transfers.
6. **Secured Transactions:**
- Creation and enforcement of security interests in personal property.
- Rights and obligations of secured parties and debtors.
7. **Banking and Financial Transactions:**
- Legal aspects of banking operations.
- Financial transactions, loans, mortgages, and other financial instruments.
8. **Commercial Paper and Business Contracts:**
- Legal issues related to commercial paper, including checks and promissory notes.
- Drafting and interpretation of business contracts.
9. **Antitrust and Competition Law:**
- Laws and regulations promoting fair competition.
- Prohibitions against anticompetitive practices.
10. **Intellectual Property in Commercial Transactions:**
- Protection of intellectual property in commercial contexts.
- Trademarks, patents, copyrights, and trade secrets.
11. **International Commercial Law:**
- Legal aspects of cross-border transactions and international business.
- Treaties, conventions, and regulations governing international commercial relationships.
12. **Consumer and Data Protection:**
- Laws protecting consumers in commercial transactions.
- Data protection and privacy laws relevant to commercial activities.
13. **E-commerce and Technology Law:**
- Legal issues related to e-commerce and online transactions.
- Digital contracts, electronic signatures, and cyber law.
14. **Ethical Considerations in Commercial Law:**
- Ethical responsibilities for legal professionals in the field of commercial law.
15. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to commercial law issues.
16. **Alternative Dispute Resolution in Commercial Settings:**
- Overview of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as arbitration and mediation.
- Application of ADR in commercial disputes.
17. **Corporate Governance and Compliance:**
- Principles of corporate governance.
- Compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
18. **Legal Risk Management:**
- Strategies for identifying and managing legal risks in commercial transactions and business operations.
19. **Environmental and Sustainability Considerations:**
- Legal considerations related to environmental regulations and sustainability in commercial activities.
20. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical skills for legal practice in commercial law, including negotiation, contract drafting, and client representation. | | LAW307 | TORT-I
( TORT-I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course covers the nature and functions of tort law, the distinction between tort and other sources of obligations, and the requirements for liability: wrongful act, damage, causation, and fault. Emphasis is placed on negligence as the central concept of modern tort law. The course also examines strict liability and liability for acts of others. Comparative perspectives from civil law and common law traditions are included. | 1. **Introduction to Tort Law:**
- Definition and nature of torts.
- Distinction between torts and other areas of law.
2. **Historical Development of Tort Law:**
- Evolution of tort law through common law traditions.
- Historical milestones and key legal developments.
3. **Purpose and Functions of Tort Law:**
- Objectives and functions served by tort law.
- Compensation, deterrence, and the protection of individual rights.
4. **Classification of Torts:**
- Categorization into intentional torts, negligence, and strict liability.
- Overview of each category and its key principles.
5. **Elements of a Tort:**
- Explanation of the essential elements required for a valid tort claim.
- Duty, breach of duty, causation, and damages.
6. **Intentional Torts:**
- Assault, battery, false imprisonment, intentional infliction of emotional distress, trespass, and conversion.
- Elements and defenses for each intentional tort.
7. **Negligence:**
- Duty of care, standard of care, breach of duty, causation, and damages.
- Comparative negligence and defenses.
8. **Strict Liability:**
- Concept of strict liability.
- Ultra-hazardous activities and product liability.
9. **Defenses in Tort Cases:**
- Common defenses in tort cases.
- Consent, self-defense, contributory negligence, assumption of risk, and statutory defenses.
10. **Damages in Tort Cases:**
- Types of damages available in tort cases.
- Compensatory, punitive, and nominal damages.
11. **Proximate Cause and Foreseeability:**
- Concepts of proximate cause and foreseeability in determining legal causation.
12. **Duty of Care:**
- Exploration of the duty of care in various situations.
- Different standards of care for different relationships and activities.
13. **Special Topics in Negligence:**
- Professional malpractice (medical malpractice, legal malpractice).
- Premises liability.
14. **Product Liability:**
- Legal principles governing liability for defective products.
- Strict liability and negligence in product liability cases.
15. **Defamation and Privacy Torts:**
- Libel, slander, invasion of privacy, and false light.
- Elements and defenses in defamation and privacy cases.
16. **Nuisance and Trespass:**
- Private and public nuisance.
- Trespass to land and trespass to chattels.
17. **Economic Torts:**
- Fraud, misrepresentation, interference with contractual relations, and business disparagement.
18. **Vicarious Liability:**
- Liability of employers for the actions of their employees.
- Respondeat superior and agency principles.
19. **Governmental and Sovereign Immunity:**
- Principles of governmental and sovereign immunity.
- Circumstances where immunity may apply.
20. **Social and Policy Considerations:**
- Discussion of the social and policy considerations that underlie tort law.
- Balancing individual rights, deterrence, and societal interests.
21. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to tort law.
- Case analysis, statutory interpretation, and preparation of legal documents.
22. **Ethical Considerations in Tort Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing in the field of tort law.
- Professional responsibilities and client representation.
23. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world cases and practical applications of tort law principles.
- Understanding the application of theoretical concepts in actual legal scenarios. | | LAW309 | INTRODUCTION TO EUROEAN UNION LAW I
( INTRODUCTION TO EUROEAN UNION LAW I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | This course covers the origins and evolution of the European Union, the treaties establishing the EU, and the role of its main institutions (European Commission, Council, European Parliament, European Council, and Court of Justice of the EU). It also examines the hierarchy and sources of EU law (primary and secondary legislation), the principle of supremacy, and the doctrine of direct effect. Emphasis is placed on understanding the unique legal order of the EU and its relationship with national legal systems. | 1. **Historical Development of the European Union:**
- Formation of the EU and its historical context.
- Evolution from the European Coal and Steel Community to the present.
2. **EU Institutions:**
- Overview of key institutions, including the European Commission, European Parliament, European Council, Council of the European Union, and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU).
3. **EU Legal System:**
- Sources of EU law, including treaties, regulations, directives, and case law.
- The relationship between EU law and national law.
4. **Principles of EU Law:**
- Supremacy of EU law.
- Direct effect and primacy of EU law over conflicting national laws.
5. **Internal Market and Free Movement:**
- Principles and legal frameworks for the free movement of goods, services, persons, and capital within the internal market.
6. **Competition Law:**
- Antitrust regulations and competition policy within the EU.
- Merger control and state aid rules.
7. **EU Decision-Making Process:**
- Legislative, executive, and judicial decision-making processes.
- Role of the European Parliament, the Council, and the European Commission.
8. **Judicial Protection and Enforcement:**
- The role and functions of the CJEU.
- Procedures for individuals and member states to seek redress and challenge EU actions.
9. **EU Citizenship and Fundamental Rights:**
- Rights and obligations associated with EU citizenship.
- Protection of fundamental rights within the EU legal framework.
10. **EU External Relations:**
- EU's role in international relations and global governance.
- Trade agreements, cooperation with international organizations, and diplomatic activities.
11. **Legal Aspects of the Eurozone and Economic and Monetary Union (EMU):**
- Legal framework and institutions related to the Eurozone.
- EMU principles, economic governance, and the role of the European Central Bank.
12. **Enlargement and Accession Process:**
- EU enlargement policy and the process for candidate countries to join the EU.
13. **EU Policies and Areas of Cooperation:**
- Overview of major policy areas, including environmental protection, social policy, and common foreign and security policy.
14. **Current Challenges and Developments:**
- Examination of contemporary challenges facing the EU.
- Recent developments in EU law, including responses to crises and institutional reforms.
15. **Legal Research and Writing Skills in EU Law:**
- Practical skills in researching EU legal documents, understanding case law, and writing legal analyses related to EU law.
16. **Critical Thinking about EU Legal Issues:**
- Encouragement of critical thinking about the legal and policy implications of EU law.
17. **Ethical Considerations in EU Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing in the field of EU law.
18. **Preparation for Legal Practice in the EU:**
- Insights into potential careers involving EU law, including legal representation, advisory roles, and participation in EU policy-making. | | LAW317 | TORT
( TORT ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Bu ders, haksız fiil hukukunun niteliğini ve işlevlerini, haksız fiilin diğer borç kaynaklarından farkını ve sorumluluğun unsurlarını ele alır. Bu unsurlar; hukuka aykırı fiil, zarar, illiyet bağı ve kusurdur. Ders kapsamında özellikle modern haksız fiil hukukunun temel kavramı olan ihmal (negligence) üzerinde durulur. Ayrıca kusursuz sorumluluk ve başkasının fiilinden doğan sorumluluk konuları da incelenir. Bunun yanında kıta Avrupası hukuku ve Anglo-Sakson hukuku geleneklerinden karşılaştırmalı örneklere yer verilir. | This course covers the nature and functions of tort law, the distinction between tort and other sources of obligations, and the requirements for liability: wrongful act, damage, causation, and fault. Emphasis is placed on negligence as the central concept of modern tort law. The course also examines strict liability and liability for acts of others. Comparative perspectives from civil law and common law traditions are included. | | LAW311 | CYPRUS LAW PACKAGE-I
( CYPRUS LAW PACKAGE-I ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3 | This course introduces the Cypriot legal system, with emphasis on the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus, the structure of courts, and the role of common law and equity. Students study the sources of Cypriot law, statutory interpretation, and the relationship between national and international law. The course also provides an overview of selected areas of Cypriot private law (contracts, torts, property) and public law (administrative law, constitutional rights). | The unique structure and rules of Cypriot law, which is a combination of Anglo-Saxon and Turkish law, are examined. | | LAW313 | MEDICAL LAW AND ETHICS
( MEDICAL LAW AND ETHICS ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the principles of medical law and ethics, including informed consent, confidentiality, medical negligence, end-of-life decisions, reproductive rights, organ transplantation, and emerging issues such as genetic engineering and artificial intelligence in medicine. It explores the interaction between law, morality, and medical practice through case law, legislation, and ethical theories. | | | LAW315 | LAW OF THE ORGANIZATIONS
( LAW OF THE ORGANIZATIONS ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the legal personality, structure, rights, and duties of different forms of organizations. It covers company law principles, the establishment and governance of corporations, the regulation of associations and foundations, liability issues, and dissolution procedures. The course also considers NGOs, international organizations, and the role of public authorities in supervising organizations. Comparative and international perspectives are included. | | | SINIF: 3 - DÖNEM: 2 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW302 | PROPERTY LAW II
( PROPERTY LAW II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course introduces the concept of commercial law, the legal status of merchants, commercial transactions, and the framework of commercial contracts. It examines agency, partnership, and company basics. The focus is on general commercial obligations and rules governing trade. | Please look at the descriptions for the "PROPERTY LAW-I" course. | | LAW310 | INTRODUCTİON TO EUROPEAN UNION LAW II
( INTRODUCTİON TO EUROPEAN UNION LAW II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | This course examines the four freedoms (free movement of goods, persons, services, and capital) and their limitations, EU competition law, and state aid rules. It also analyzes the role of fundamental rights within the EU legal order, particularly the Charter of Fundamental Rights and the European Court of Justice’s case law. The course concludes with the EU’s external relations, trade agreements, and its role in global governance. | Please look at the descriptions for the "INTRODUCTİON TO EUROPEAN UNION LAW-I" course. | | LAW318 | AVIATION LAW
( AVIATION LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the development and sources of aviation law, beginning with the Chicago Convention of 1944 and the establishment of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). It covers airspace sovereignty, bilateral and multilateral air service agreements, airline liability for passengers and cargo (Warsaw and Montreal Conventions), aircraft registration and nationality, aviation safety and security regulations, and environmental challenges in aviation. Special attention is given to the role of the European Union and regional organizations in aviation regulation. | | | LAW320 | COMMERCIAL LAW II
( COMMERCIAL LAW II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course covers corporations and company structures, negotiable instruments (bills of exchange, checks, promissory notes), insurance contracts, banking law principles, and bankruptcy/insolvency proceedings. It also addresses dispute resolution in commercial law and international aspects of trade regulation. | | | LAW316 | BANKING LAW
( BANKING LAW ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the legal principles governing banks and financial institutions. Topics include the role of central banks, banking regulation and supervision, banker-customer relationship, confidentiality and data protection, money laundering and compliance, credit instruments, electronic banking, insolvency of banks, and cross-border banking issues. The course also considers international standards such as Basel Accords and EU directives on banking | | | LAW324 | INTERNATIONAL ENERGY POLITICS
( INTERNATIONAL ENERGY POLITICS ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Ders Tanımı:
Bu ders, küresel enerji stratejilerinin temelini oluşturan en önemli teorik soruları, özellikle enerji güvenliği, talep güvenliği, petrol, kömür, doğal gaz, nükleer enerji, yenilenebilir enerji ve Rusya, ABD, Orta Asya gibi önde gelen enerji kaynaklarına sahip ve üreten ülkelerin yanı sıra Türkiye, Çin ve Avrupa Birliği gibi büyük enerji talep eden ülkelerin kapsamlı enerji güvenliği stratejilerini ele almaktadır. Enerji rezervlerine sahip olmak ve bunlara erişmek, insanlık tarihinin başlangıcından beri son derece önemli konular olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, enerji konusu, modern dünyada ulus devletler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar arasında işbirliği ve rekabetin temelini oluşturmuştur. Bu gündemde, ulus devletler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar, enerji güvenliklerini korumaya yönelik stratejiler geliştirmeye ve enerji karışımlarını dengelemeye daha fazla odaklanmaktadır. Bu arka planı göz önünde bulundurarak, bu ders, bölgesel ve uluslararası vaka çalışmaları üzerinde yoğunlaşarak 21. yüzyılda uluslararası enerji politikası açısından temel konuları kapsamaktadır. Bu dersin amacı, günümüz dünyasında küresel enerji politikaları açısından belirleyici noktalara ilişkin anlayış ve kapsamlı bilgi sağlamaktır.
Introduction of the Course
The Fundamental Parameters of Energy Security Policies in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the Russian Federation in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the European Union in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the United States of America in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the People’s Republic of China in the 21st Century
Mid-term Examination
The Energy Security Policies of the Republic of TÜRKİYE in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Eastern Mediterranean in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Caucasia in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Central Asia in the 21st Century and Second Assessment (Summary, Analysis and Presentation of an Academic Paper/Publication)
The Energy Geopolitics of Arctic Region in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Gulf Region in the 21st Century
Final Examination | Introduction of the Course
The Fundamental Parameters of Energy Security Policies in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the Russian Federation in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the European Union in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the United States of America in the 21st Century
The Energy Security Policies of the People’s Republic of China in the 21st Century
Mid-term Examination
The Energy Security Policies of the Republic of TÜRKİYE in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Eastern Mediterranean in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Caucasia in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Central Asia in the 21st Century and Second Assessment (Summary, Analysis and Presentation of an Academic Paper/Publication)
The Energy Geopolitics of Arctic Region in the 21st Century
The Energy Geopolitics of Gulf Region in the 21st Century
Final Examination | | SINIF: 4 - DÖNEM: 1 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW403 | EMPLOYMENT LAW AND SOCIAL SECURITY
( EMPLOYMENT LAW AND SOCIAL SECURITY ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course covers the fundamentals of employment law, including the employment contract, working conditions, wages, termination of employment, collective labor rights, and dispute resolution. It also addresses social security law, focusing on insurance against sickness, unemployment, disability, old age, and occupational accidents. Comparative perspectives from civil law and common law systems, as well as international labor standards (ILO, EU law), are also included. | 1. **Introduction to Employment Law:**
- Overview of the principles and concepts of employment law.
- Historical development and evolution of employment law.
2. **Formation and Types of Employment Contracts:**
- Elements and formation of employment contracts.
- Different types of employment contracts, including permanent, fixed-term, and temporary contracts.
3. **Terms and Conditions of Employment:**
- Examination of terms and conditions typically included in employment contracts.
- Analysis of contractual obligations, working hours, and holidays.
4. **Employee Rights and Protections:**
- Overview of fundamental rights and protections afforded to employees.
- Anti-discrimination laws, workplace safety regulations, and privacy rights.
5. **Termination of Employment:**
- Legal procedures for terminating employment contracts.
- Grounds for dismissal, notice periods, and severance pay.
6. **Collective Labor Law:**
- Rights and obligations of employees and employers in collective labor relations.
- Role of trade unions, collective bargaining, and industrial action.
7. **Social Security Systems:**
- Understanding the structure and components of social security systems.
- Contributions, benefits, and administration of social security programs.
8. **Pensions and Retirement Planning:**
- Legal aspects of employee pension schemes and retirement plans.
- Regulatory frameworks governing retirement benefits.
9. **Health and Safety Regulations:**
- Laws and regulations related to workplace health and safety.
- Employer responsibilities and employee rights to ensure a safe working environment.
10. **Workers' Compensation:**
- Legal provisions for workers' compensation.
- Benefits for work-related injuries and illnesses.
11. **Employment Dispute Resolution:**
- Methods of resolving employment disputes.
- Alternative dispute resolution mechanisms and the role of labor tribunals.
12. **Global and Comparative Perspectives:**
- International and comparative perspectives on employment law and social security.
- Variations in legal systems and practices across different jurisdictions.
13. **Emerging Issues in Employment Law:**
- Examination of contemporary and emerging issues in employment law.
- Responses to societal, technological, and economic changes.
14. **Legal Research and Writing Skills in Employment Law:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to employment law.
- Case analysis, statutory interpretation, and document preparation.
15. **Ethical Considerations in Employment Law Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing in the field of employment law.
16. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for legal practice in employment law.
- Advising employers and employees, negotiating employment agreements, and representing clients in employment-related disputes.
17. **Integration of Interdisciplinary Knowledge:**
- Integration of knowledge from related disciplines, such as business, human resources, and ethics.
- Holistic understanding of employment law and social security. | | LAW405 | LAW OF THE SEA
( LAW OF THE SEA ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the historical development and codification of the law of the sea, the division of maritime zones, rights and obligations of states, and the regulation of marine resources. Topics include the territorial sea, exclusive economic zone (EEZ), continental shelf, high seas, navigation rights, protection of the marine environment, dispute settlement mechanisms, and current challenges such as piracy, deep-sea mining, and climate change. | 1. **Introduction to the Law of the Sea:**
- Overview of the importance and historical development of the Law of the Sea.
- Introduction to key legal concepts and principles.
2. **United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS):**
- In-depth study of UNCLOS as the primary international legal framework governing maritime activities.
- Analysis of its structure, principles, and provisions.
3. **Territorial Seas and Contiguous Zones:**
- Examination of the concept of territorial seas and contiguous zones, including the rights and responsibilities of coastal states.
4. **Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs):**
- Study of the legal regime governing exclusive economic zones and the rights of coastal states in these zones.
5. **High Seas and Freedom of the Seas:**
- Analysis of the legal principles related to the high seas, freedom of navigation, and the rights of all states to use the oceans for various purposes.
6. **Sovereignty and Jurisdiction:**
- Understanding the principles of sovereignty and jurisdiction over maritime areas, including the rights of coastal states and the freedoms of navigation and overflight.
7. **Archipelagic States:**
- Exploration of the legal status and rights of archipelagic states, including the delimitation of archipelagic baselines.
8. **Maritime Boundaries and Delimitation:**
- Principles and methods for establishing maritime boundaries between neighboring states, including issues related to equitable delimitation.
9. **Navigation Rights:**
- Legal framework governing navigation rights, including innocent passage through territorial seas and transit passage through international straits.
10. **Exploitation of Marine Resources:**
- Legal regimes governing the exploitation of marine resources, including fisheries management, mineral resources, and other economic activities.
11. **Marine Environmental Protection:**
- Study of international agreements and legal mechanisms for the protection and preservation of the marine environment, addressing pollution and conservation issues.
12. **International Maritime Organizations:**
- Overview of key international organizations involved in the implementation and enforcement of the Law of the Sea, such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
13. **Arbitration and Dispute Resolution:**
- Understanding the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes related to the Law of the Sea, including arbitration and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS).
14. **National Legislation and Compliance:**
- The role of national legislation in implementing international obligations under the Law of the Sea and ensuring compliance with UNCLOS.
15. **Security and Safety at Sea:**
- Legal considerations related to security and safety at sea, including piracy, terrorism, and maritime law enforcement.
16. **Case Studies of Maritime Disputes:**
- Analysis of real-world maritime disputes and conflicts, providing practical insights into the legal and diplomatic challenges involved.
17. **Emerging Issues in Maritime Law:**
- Discussion of contemporary challenges and emerging issues in the field, such as the impact of climate change on the oceans and the regulation of new maritime activities.
18. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to the Law of the Sea, including the analysis of case law, treaties, and international agreements.
19. **Ethical Considerations in Maritime Law:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals in the field of maritime law, emphasizing integrity and responsible legal practice.
20. **Preparation for Careers in Maritime Law:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for potential careers in maritime law, including legal practice, international organizations, government agencies, and academia. | | LAW407 | COMPANY LAW I
( COMPANY LAW I ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course examines the concept of companies and distinguishes them from other forms of business organizations. It covers company formation, registration, legal personality, corporate capacity, and the doctrine of separate legal entity. The course also introduces the main types of companies (partnerships, private companies, public companies), the role of corporate organs, and shareholders’ rights. Comparative perspectives between civil law and common law jurisdictions are also discussed. | 1. **Introduction to Company Law:**
- Overview of the historical development and significance of company law.
- Introduction to key legal concepts and principles.
2. **Legal Forms of Business Organizations:**
- Comparison of different legal forms of business organizations, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, and various types of companies.
3. **Incorporation and Corporate Personality:**
- The process of incorporating a company and the legal implications of corporate personality.
- Distinction between the legal identity of a company and its members.
4. **Types of Companies:**
- Examination of different types of companies, such as private limited companies, public limited companies, and not-for-profit organizations.
5. **Corporate Governance:**
- Principles of corporate governance, including the roles and responsibilities of directors, officers, and shareholders.
- Board structures, committees, and mechanisms for ensuring accountability.
6. **Shareholders and Share Capital:**
- Rights and protections of shareholders.
- Issuing and transferring shares, dividends, and buyback of shares.
7. **Corporate Contracts and Transactions:**
- Drafting and interpreting corporate contracts.
- Mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, and other significant business transactions.
8. **Corporate Financing:**
- Capital structure and financing options.
- Issuance of shares, bonds, and other securities.
9. **Company Secretary and Corporate Administration:**
- Role and responsibilities of the company secretary.
- Corporate administration, including record-keeping and filing requirements.
10. **Legal Compliance and Regulation:**
- Regulatory framework governing companies.
- Compliance with legal requirements and reporting obligations.
11. **Corporate Restructuring and Insolvency:**
- Legal procedures for corporate restructuring.
- Insolvency and mechanisms for protecting creditors' rights.
12. **Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):**
- Legal aspects of corporate social responsibility.
- Companies' obligations and initiatives related to social and environmental concerns.
13. **Intellectual Property and Corporate Law:**
- Interaction between intellectual property laws and company law.
- Protection of trademarks, patents, and copyrights within the corporate context.
14. **Corporate Dispute Resolution:**
- Mechanisms for resolving corporate disputes.
- Litigation, arbitration, and alternative dispute resolution in the corporate setting.
15. **Corporate Ethics and Compliance Programs:**
- Importance of corporate ethics.
- Development and implementation of effective compliance programs.
16. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Practical legal research and writing skills specific to company law.
- Analysis of case law, statutes, and regulatory provisions.
17. **Ethical Considerations in Corporate Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals in the corporate sector.
- Maintaining integrity and ethical conduct.
18. **Preparation for Legal Practice in Corporate Law:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for legal practice in corporate law.
- Advising clients, drafting legal documents, and representing companies in legal matters. | | LAW409 | INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW
( INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | Bu ders, uluslararası ceza hukukunun gelişimini Nürnberg ve Tokyo Mahkemelerinden başlayarak Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesinin (ICC) kurulmasına kadar inceler. Ders kapsamında soykırım, insanlığa karşı suçlar, savaş suçları ve saldırı suçu gibi temel uluslararası suçlar ele alınır. Ayrıca sorumluluk türleri, yargı yetkisi, savunmalar, usule ilişkin konular ve uluslararası yargı ile ulusal yargı arasındaki ilişki incelenir. Terörizm, siber suçlar ve uluslararası suçların uygulanması ve yaptırımı gibi güncel sorunlar da tartışılır. | This course examines the development of international criminal law from the Nuremberg and Tokyo Tribunals to the establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC). It covers core international crimes such as genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. The course also explores modes of liability, jurisdiction, defenses, procedural aspects, and the relationship between international and national jurisdictions. Contemporary challenges such as terrorism, cybercrime, and enforcement are also discussed. | | LAW411 | LAW OF EVIDENCE AND CIVIL PROCEDURE
( LAW OF EVIDENCE AND CIVIL PROCEDURE ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the principles and rules of civil procedure, including jurisdiction, pleadings, interim measures, trial, judgment, and appeals. It also addresses the law of evidence: burden and standard of proof, admissibility, relevance, privilege, and hearsay. Comparative perspectives are introduced between civil law and common law systems, alongside international influences (e.g., European Convention on Human Rights, fair trial standards). | 1. **Introduction to Legal Systems and Civil Procedure:**
- Overview of legal systems and the role of civil procedure within the legal framework.
- Introduction to the civil justice system.
2. **Jurisdiction and Venue:**
- Concepts of jurisdiction and venue.
- Understanding the authority of the court and appropriate locations for legal proceedings.
3. **Pleading and Case Initiation:**
- Preparation and filing of pleadings.
- Initiating a civil case and framing legal issues.
4. **Pretrial Procedures:**
- Discovery processes, including interrogatories, depositions, and document requests.
- Exchange of relevant information between parties before trial.
5. **Admissibility of Evidence:**
- Rules and criteria for the admissibility of evidence in civil cases.
- Relevance, hearsay, authentication, and other admissibility considerations.
6. **Types of Evidence:**
- Exploration of documentary evidence, testimonial evidence, physical evidence, and other types of evidence.
- Understanding the probative value of different forms of evidence.
7. **Witness Examination and Cross-Examination:**
- Techniques for examining and cross-examining witnesses.
- Rules and strategies for effective witness questioning.
8. **Expert Witnesses:**
- Role of expert witnesses in civil proceedings.
- Qualifications, admissibility of expert testimony, and challenges.
9. **Privileges and Exemptions:**
- Legal privileges and exemptions affecting the admissibility of evidence.
- Protection of certain communications and information.
10. **Judicial Discretion:**
- Understanding the concept of judicial discretion in evidence rulings.
- Factors influencing the admission or exclusion of evidence.
11. **Motions and Interlocutory Proceedings:**
- Overview of various motions and interlocutory proceedings in civil cases.
- Examples include motions to dismiss, motions for summary judgment, and other procedural motions.
12. **Trial Procedures:**
- Procedures involved in conducting a civil trial.
- Presentation of evidence, examination of witnesses, and legal arguments during trial.
13. **Post-Trial Motions and Remedies:**
- Post-trial motions and remedies available to parties dissatisfied with the trial outcome.
- Consideration of motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and other post-trial relief.
14. **Appeals in Civil Cases:**
- Process of appealing a civil case.
- Grounds for appeal, appellate court review, and the appellate process.
15. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to evidence and civil procedure.
- Drafting motions, legal memoranda, and other relevant documents.
16. **Ethical Considerations in Civil Litigation:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations and responsibilities for legal professionals practicing in civil litigation.
- Professional conduct and responsibilities to clients and the court.
17. **Preparation for Legal Practice:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for legal practice in civil litigation.
- Client representation, case management, and courtroom advocacy. | | LAW413 | EMPLOYMENT LAW AND SOCIAL SECURITY
( EMPLOYMENT LAW AND SOCIAL SECURITY ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the legal framework governing individual and collective employment relations. Topics include employment contracts, rights and obligations of employers and employees, termination of employment, working conditions, equality and non-discrimination, collective bargaining, and dispute resolution. The second part examines social security law, covering social insurance, pensions, health and unemployment benefits, occupational accidents, and international standards of social protection. | | | LAW415 | BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS
( BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the law of business associations, covering general and limited partnerships, limited liability companies (LLCs), and corporations. It explores issues such as legal personality, fiduciary duties, shareholder rights, corporate governance, and liability. The course also addresses the dissolution of associations, comparative corporate structures, and regulatory perspectives, including securities regulation and corporate compliance. | | | CSU217 | ENGLISH FOR HEALTH SCIENCES
( ENGLISH FOR HEALTH SCIENCES ) | G | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3 | Hastane Ekibi
Hastane İçinde ve Çevresinde
Hastaneye Kabul İşlemleri
Kazalar ve Acil Durumlar
Ağrı
Semptomlar (Belirtiler)
Yaşlı Bakımı
Beslenme ve Obezite
Kan
Ölüm ve Ölme Süreci
Hijyen
Ruh Sağlığı Hemşireliği
Hastanın İzlenmesi
İlaç Tedavisi
Alternatif Tedaviler | The Hospital Team
In and Around the Hospital Hospital Admissions
Accidents and emergencies
Pain
Symptoms
Caring for the Elderly
Nutrition and Obesity
Blood
Death and Dying
Hygiene
Mental Health Nursing
Monitoring the Patient Medication
Alternative Treatments | | CSU311 | HISTORY OF CIVILIZATİON
( MEDENİYET TARİHİ ) | G | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3 | Bu ders, erken uygarlıkların yükselişi, klasik gelenekler, kültürel karşılaşmalar, dini hareketler, küresel ticaret ağları ve antik çağdan yirminci yüzyıla kadar sosyal değişim gibi dünya tarihinin ana temalarını ele almaktadır. Karşılaştırmalı bakış açıları, farklı grupların sesleri ve geçmiş deneyimlerin bugünü anlamak için önemi üzerinde durulmaktadır. | The course surveys major themes in world history, including the rise of early civilizations, classical traditions, cultural encounters, religious movements, global trade networks, and social change from antiquity to the twentieth century. Emphasis is placed on comparative perspectives, the voices of diverse groups, and the relevance of past experiences for understanding the present. | | CSU314 | COOPERATION AND CONFLICT CAUCASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA
( COOPERATION AND CONFLICT CAUCASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA ) | G | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3 | Ders Tanımı: Orta Asya (Türkistan/Türk)/Kafkasya bölgeleri geniş bir alanı kapsamakta ve gerçekte Rusya Federasyonu, Orta Doğu ve Avrupa'nın kesiştiği noktada birleşmektedir. Bu tarihi çerçeveyi dikkate alarak, Kafkasya, Kazakistan, Türkmenistan, Özbekistan, Tacikistan ve Kırgızistan'daki mevcut çatışmaları/işbirliği girişimlerini, Hazar Denizi'nin petrol ve doğal gaz potansiyeli hakkındaki tartışmaları, enerji ve sınır anlaşmazlıklarını ve bölgenin küresel ve bölgesel aktörler nezdindeki itibarını ayrıntılı olarak inceleyecektir. Bu dersin amacı, öğrencilerin devlet inşası ve ulusal kimlik süreçleri, Güney ve Kuzey Kafkasya'nın bölge için jeopolitik etkileri, enerji güvenliği sorunları ve güvenlik zorlukları ile Kazakistan, Türkmenistan, Özbekistan, Tacikistan ve Kırgızistan için aynı sorunlar ve güvenlik zorlukları konularında derinlemesine bilgi edinmelerini sağlamaktır. Bu bilgiler, Azerbaycan, Gürcistan ve Ermenistan, Kazakistan, Türkmenistan, Özbekistan, Tacikistan ve Kırgızistan'ın Türkiye, İran İslam Cumhuriyeti gibi bölgesel aktörler ve ABD, Rusya Federasyonu, Çin ve Avrupa Birliği gibi küresel aktörlerle gelişen ilişkileri eşliğinde, işbirliği-rekabet çerçevesi temelinde sunulacaktır.
Donmuş Çatışmalar ve Sıcak Barış
Dağlık Karabağ Çatışması ve Türkiye
Güney Osetya Çatışması
Güney Azerbaycan Sorunu: Tarihsel ve Kültürel Boyutlar
Kuzey Kafkasya: Sovyetler Birliği'nin Yıkılışından Sonra Bölgedeki Sınır Anlaşmazlıkları ve Etnik Sorunlar
Ferghana Vadisi Sorunu ve Aral Denizi Havzası: Siyasi Çatışmada Çevresel Tahribatın Rolü Hazar Denizi'ndeki Denizcilik Anlaşmazlıkları: Devlet Sınırlarının Belirlenmesi
Ara Sınav
Avrasya Bölgesinde Enerji Diplomasisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Enerji İşbirliği İçin Jeopolitik Etkiler
Yükselen Uluslararası Gerilimler Ortamında Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü
Tek Kuşak Tek Yol Girişiminin Orta Asya ve Güney Kafkasya'ya Özgü Olası Etkileri
Rusya'nın 21. Yüzyılda Sovyet Sonrası Dünya İçin Avrasya Ekonomik Birliği Entegrasyon Projesi: İddialı Hedefler ve Büyük Zorluklar
Türk Devletleri Örgütü'nün Başarısının Teorik Bir Açıklaması 2040 Vizyon Belgesi ve Türk Dünyası ile Tarihi İpek Yolu'nun Yeniden Canlanma Aspirasyonları ve İkinci Değerlendirme (Akademik Makale/Yayın Özeti, Analizi ve Sunumu)
BRICS genişlemesi: Uyarlanabilir yanıt mı yoksa küresel yönetişimin proaktif yeniden yapılandırılması mı?
Final Sınavı İçin Genel Ders Tekrarı
Final Sınavı | 1. To familiarize the students with the fundamental parameters of Central Asia (Turkistan / Turkic) region in the existing world geopolitics & To familiarize the students with the fundamental parameters of Caucasus region in the existing world geopolitics.
2. To comprehend the critically important components of foreign & security policies of Central Asian (Turkistan / Turkic) states from 1990s up until 2020s. sources of energy mixes for both the producing countries as well as demanding countries & To comprehend the critically important components of foreign & security policies of South Caucasus states from 1990s up until 2020s.
3. To realize the causes and current situations in terms of the ethnic and border conflicts in the Central Asia (Turkistan/Turkic) countries & To realize the causes and current situations in terms of the ethnic and border conflicts in the North Caucasia.
4. To analyze in-depth the most significant energy security issues for Central Asian (Turkistan /Turkic) countries within the framework of Eurasian energy security parameters in the contemporary world & To analyze in-depth the most significant energy security issues for South Caucasus countries within the framework of Eurasian energy security parameters in the contemporary world.
5. To assess the effects of political instabilities & crises over the Central Asia (Turkistan) region in the modern world & To assess the effects of political instabilities & crises over the Caucasia region in the modern world.
6. To recognize the complex relationships between the states as well as the comprehensive policies and strategies developed by such neighbouring or culturally adjacent countries to the Central Asia (Turkistan / Turkic)& the South Caucasus regions as Republic of Türkiye, Russian Federation and Islamic Republic of Iran as well as the strategies developed by People’s Republic of China, European Union and USA toward the Central Asia (Turkistan / Turkic) region from 1990s to 2020s.
Under the guidance of the abovementioned objectives, the tentative content of the course is structured as follows:
Frozen Conflicts and Hot Peace,
Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict and Türkiye,
South Ossetia Conflict,
Southern Azerbaijan Issue: Historical and Cultural Dimensions,
The North Caucasus: Border Disputes and Ethnic Issues in the Region after the Fall of the Soviet Union,
Ferghana Valley Issue & Aral Sea Basin: The Role of Environmental Destruction in the Political Conflict Maritime Disputes in the Caspian Sea: Delimitation of the State Borders,
Mid-term Examination,
Assessing Energy Diplomacy in the Eurasian Region: The Geopolitical Implications for Energy Cooperation,
Migration in Central Asia and the South Caucasus & Climate Change in Central Asia and the South Caucasus,
Possible Effects of One Belt, One Road Initiative Specific to Central Asia and the South Caucasus,
The Eurasian Economic Union Integration Project of Russia for the Post-Soviet World in the 21st Century: Ambitious Objectives versus Great Challenges,
A Theoretical Explanation For The Success Of The Organization Of Turkish States’ 2040 Vision Document and Second Assessment (Summary, Analysis and Presentation of an Academic Paper/Publication),
The Turkic World and The Revival Aspirations of The Historic Silk Road,
General Revision of the Course For The Final Exam.
Final Examination | | SINIF: 4 - DÖNEM: 2 | | Ders Kodu | Ders Adı | DT | T | P | K | ECTS | H.S. | İçerik TR | İçerik ING | | LAW404 | CONFLICT OF LAWS
( CONFLICT OF LAWS ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the nature and scope of conflict of laws (private international law). It covers jurisdiction of courts in cross-border disputes, choice of law rules in contracts, torts, family law, and property law, as well as recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments and arbitral awards. Special attention is given to international instruments such as the Hague Conventions, Brussels Regulations, and New York Convention on arbitration. | 1. **Introduction to Conflict of Laws:**
- Overview of the field, its purpose, and its role in addressing legal issues involving multiple jurisdictions.
2. **Choice of Law Principles:**
- Examination of the principles and methods used to determine the applicable law in cases with international or inter-jurisdictional elements.
3. **Jurisdictional Issues:**
- Analysis of criteria for determining jurisdiction in cases involving international or multi-jurisdictional elements.
4. **Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments:**
- Study of legal mechanisms for recognizing and enforcing judgments obtained in one jurisdiction in another.
5. **Contracts with International Elements:**
- Treatment of contracts that involve parties, performance, or other elements in multiple jurisdictions.
6. **Torts with International Elements:**
- Application of conflict of laws principles to tort cases, such as accidents occurring in different jurisdictions.
7. **Family Law Matters:**
- Conflict of laws principles in family law, including divorce, child custody, and spousal support, when multiple jurisdictions are involved.
8. **Property and Succession Issues:**
- Application of conflict of laws principles to property rights and succession matters involving assets or individuals in different jurisdictions.
9. **Corporate and Commercial Transactions:**
- Conflict of laws implications in corporate and commercial transactions with international elements, including choice of law clauses in contracts.
10. **Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution:**
- Role of arbitration and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in resolving conflicts of laws issues.
11. **Public Policy Considerations:**
- Examination of how public policy considerations may impact the application of foreign laws or the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments.
12. **International Treaties and Conventions:**
- Role and application of international treaties and conventions in resolving conflicts of laws.
13. **Human Rights and Conflict of Laws:**
- Intersection of human rights considerations with conflict of laws principles in cases involving multiple jurisdictions.
14. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to conflict of laws issues.
15. **Ethical Considerations in International Practice:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations that may arise in the practice of conflict of laws, especially in an international context.
16. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world cases and practical applications of conflict of laws principles.
17. **Preparation for Legal Practice in a Globalized World:**
- Equipping students with the knowledge and skills necessary to practice law in a globalized world where legal issues often involve multiple jurisdictions. | | LAW406 | COMPANY LAW II
( COMPANY LAW II ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 3 | This course builds upon Company Law I, exploring the internal functioning and governance of companies. It covers the duties and liabilities of directors, shareholder protection, corporate finance, share capital maintenance, mergers and acquisitions, restructuring, and winding-up procedures. Comparative perspectives are also provided, drawing from both civil law and common law jurisdictions. | Please look at the descriptions for the "COMPANY LAW-I" course. | | LAW408 | INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW
( INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the foundations of international trade law, including the WTO system, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), and Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). It also covers dispute settlement mechanisms, trade remedies (anti-dumping, safeguards, subsidies), and regional/bilateral trade agreements such as the EU and NAFTA/USMCA. Contemporary challenges like trade wars, digital trade, and environmental sustainability are also analyzed. | 1. **Introduction to International Trade Law:**
- Overview of the significance of international trade and the legal framework governing cross-border transactions.
2. **World Trade Organization (WTO):**
- Understanding the structure, functions, and dispute settlement mechanisms of the WTO.
3. **International Trade Agreements:**
- Study of key regional and global trade agreements, including free trade agreements (FTAs) and customs unions.
4. **International Sale of Goods:**
- Analysis of legal principles governing the international sale of goods, including the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG).
5. **Trade in Services:**
- Examination of the legal aspects of international trade in services, including the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
6. **Intellectual Property Rights in International Trade:**
- Overview of the protection of intellectual property rights (patents, trademarks, copyrights) in the context of international trade.
7. **Trade Remedies:**
- Study of trade remedies, including anti-dumping measures, countervailing duties, and safeguards.
8. **Customs Law and Tariffs:**
- Understanding customs laws, tariff classifications, and the legal aspects of customs procedures in international trade.
9. **International Commercial Contracts:**
- Analysis of legal issues related to the formation, performance, and termination of international commercial contracts.
10. **International Trade Finance:**
- Examination of legal aspects of trade finance, including letters of credit, documentary collections, and trade finance instruments.
11. **E-Commerce and Digital Trade:**
- Legal considerations related to electronic commerce, digital trade, and the use of technology in international business transactions.
12. **Labor and Environmental Standards:**
- Integration of labor and environmental standards in international trade agreements and their impact on global business practices.
13. **Dispute Resolution in International Trade:**
- Study of mechanisms for the resolution of disputes in international trade, including arbitration and WTO dispute settlement procedures.
14. **Trade and Competition Law:**
- Analysis of the intersection of international trade law and competition law, including issues related to anti-competitive practices.
15. **Government Procurement:**
- Understanding the legal aspects of government procurement in international trade.
16. **Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in International Trade:**
- Exploration of CSR considerations and responsibilities for businesses engaged in international trade.
17. **Legal Research and Writing Skills:**
- Development of practical legal research and writing skills specific to international trade law.
18. **Ethical Considerations in International Trade:**
- Discussion of ethical considerations for legal professionals and businesses engaged in international trade.
19. **Case Studies and Practical Applications:**
- Analysis of real-world cases and practical applications of international trade law principles.
20. **Preparation for International Trade Practice:**
- Practical insights and skills necessary for legal practice, consulting, or other roles related to international trade law. | | LAW420 | CONSUMER LAW
( CONSUMER LAW ) | Z | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3 | This course explores the development and principles of consumer law at the national, regional, and international levels. It covers consumer rights, unfair contract terms, product liability, unfair commercial practices, distance selling, and e-commerce. Special attention is given to EU consumer protection law, international guidelines, and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods such as mediation and arbitration. | | | LAW416 | LAW OF TAXATION
( LAW OF TAXATION ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course examines the fundamentals of tax law, including the sources and principles of taxation, types of taxes (income tax, corporate tax, value-added tax, customs duties, property tax), and tax administration. It addresses issues of tax liability, tax avoidance, and evasion, as well as the rights and obligations of taxpayers. Comparative and international aspects such as double taxation treaties, OECD tax standards, and EU tax law are also covered. | | | LAW418 | ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
( ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ) | S | 3 | 0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 3 | This course explores the principles of environmental law, including the prevention of pollution, conservation of biodiversity, and sustainable use of natural resources. Topics include environmental rights, environmental liability, climate change law, environmental impact assessments, waste management, water and air protection, and renewable energy regulation. The course also examines the role of international treaties and organizations, such as the UN, EU, and climate agreements (Paris Agreement, Kyoto Protocol). | |
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